Payment methods represent how funds move into and out of Moov accounts.

Payment methods are determined by an account's linked [funding sources](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/): bank accounts, cards, or Moov wallets. When a funding source is linked, the associated payment methods become available. Some payment methods, such as `ach-debit-collect`, require additional steps like verifying the bank account.

Each payment method has its own characteristics:

- **Speed:** Instant, same-day, or 1-2 business days
- **Network:** ACH, card networks (Visa/Mastercard), or real-time rails (RTP)
- **Risk:** Exposure to chargebacks and returns varies by method
- **Cost:** Processing fees differ across payment rails

Payment methods are separate from [capabilities](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/capabilities/reference/).

A payment method defines _how_ money moves, while a capability defines _what actions_ an account can perform.

- **Source payment methods** specify where funds originate
- **Destination payment methods** specify where funds are delivered

Most payment methods work in a single direction. The exception is `moov-wallet`, which can be both a source and a destination.

## Source payment methods

Source payment methods fund a transfer. The source is where the money comes from.

| Payment method          | Funding source                    | Description                              | Can send to              |
|------------------------|-----------------------------------|------------------------------------------|--------------------------|
| `moov-wallet`          | Moov wallet                       | Transfer from a wallet balance           | Wallet, Bank, Card       |
| `ach-debit-fund`      | [Verified bank account](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/bank-accounts/verification/) | Debit a bank account to fund a wallet or payouts | Wallet                   |
| `ach-debit-collect`   | [Verified bank account](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/bank-accounts/verification/) | Debit a bank account for a consumer or B2B payment | Wallet                   |
| `card-payment`        | Card                              | Charge a credit or debit card            | Wallet                   |
| `apple-pay`           | Apple Pay                         | Accept Apple Pay                          | Wallet                   |
| `pull-from-card`      | Debit/prepaid card                | Pull funds from a debit or prepaid card  | Wallet                   |

## Destination payment methods

Destination payment methods receive a transfer. The destination is where money goes.

While `instant-bank-credit` and `rtp-credit` both provide instant payments on the RTP rail, Moov strongly suggests using `instant-bank-credit`, which supports both the RTP and FedNow rails.

| Payment method              | Funding source      | Description                      | Can receive from         |
|----------------------------|---------------------|----------------------------------|--------------------------|
| `moov-wallet`              | Moov wallet         | Credit a wallet balance           | Wallet, Bank, Card       |
| `ach-credit-standard`      | Bank account         | Credit a bank account (1-2 business days) | Wallet                   |
| `ach-credit-same-day`     | Bank account         | Credit a bank account (same day) | Wallet                   |
| `instant-bank-credit`      | Bank account         | Real-time credit via RTP        | Wallet                   |
| `rtp-credit`               | Bank account         | Real-time credit via RTP        | Wallet                   |
| `push-to-card`            | Debit/prepaid card   | Instant credit to a debit card  | Wallet                   |

## Payment methods and capabilities

Payment methods belong to an individual account, but [capabilities](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/capabilities/reference/) determine what the **initiating** account is allowed to do.

- When **collecting funds**, the _destination account_ requires a collect-funds capability.
- When **sending funds**, the _source account_ requires a send-funds capability.

### Collecting funds

The destination account pulls from a payment method owned by the source (payer).

The payer only needs `transfers`.

| Source payment method       | Destination account needs   |
|-----------------------------|-----------------------------|
| `card-payment`, `apple-pay` | `collect-funds.card-payments` |
| `ach-debit-collect`        | `collect-funds.ach`        |
| `pull-from-card`           | `money-transfer.pull-from-card` |

**Example:**

A merchant accepting a card payment pulls from the payer’s `card-payment` method.

The merchant (destination) needs `collect-funds.card-payments` and `wallet.balance`.

The payer (source) only needs `transfers`.

### Sending funds

The source account pushes to a payment method owned by the destination (recipient). The recipient only needs `transfers`.

| Destination payment method   | Source account needs       |
|------------------------------|-----------------------------|
| `ach-credit-standard`, `ach-credit-same-day` | `send-funds.ach`   |
| `instant-bank-credit`, `rtp-credit` | `send-funds.instant-bank` |
| `push-to-card`              | `send-funds.push-to-card` or `money-transfer.push-to-card` |

**Example:**

A business sending a payout via `ach-credit-same-day` pushes funds to the recipient’s bank account.

The business (source) needs `send-funds.ach` and `wallet.balance`.

The recipient (destination) only needs `transfers`.

For full details, see the [capabilities reference](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/capabilities/reference/) and [enablement guide](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/capabilities/enablement/).

## Funding source requirements

Payment methods require linked and verified funding sources:

- **Bank account credit methods** (`ach-credit-same-day`, `instant-bank-credit`, etc.) require a [linked bank account](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/bank-accounts/)
- **Bank account debit methods** (`ach-debit-fund`, `ach-debit-collect`) require a [verified bank account](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/bank-accounts/verification/)
- **Card-based methods** (`card-payment`, `push-to-card`, etc.) require a [linked card](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/cards/)
- **Wallet-based methods** (`moov-wallet`) require an enabled [wallet](https://docs.moov.io/guides/sources/wallets/)

## Get payment methods

To retrieve payment methods for an account, use the:

- [List payment methods](https://docs.moov.io/api/sources/payment-methods/list/)
- [Retrieve payment method](https://docs.moov.io/api/sources/payment-methods/get/)

### List payment methods

Ask

```zsh
curl -X GET "https://api.moov.io/accounts/{accountID}/payment-methods" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer {token}" \
  -H "x-moov-version: v2024.01.00" \
```

Ask

```go
mc, _ := moov.NewClient()

var accountID string

mc.ListPaymentMethods(ctx, accountID)
```

Ask

```javascript
const moov = Moov(token);

moov.paymentMethods.list(accountID);
```

### Retrieve payment method

Ask

```zsh
curl -X GET "https://api.moov.io/accounts/{accountID}/payment-methods/{paymentMethodID}" \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer {token}" \
  -H "x-moov-version: v2024.01.00" \
```

Ask

```go
mc, _ := moov.NewClient()

var accountID string
var paymentMethodID string

mc.GetPaymentMethod(ctx, accountID, paymentMethodID)
```

## Transfer limits

The table below describes Moov platform or payment network limits. Individual accounts may have lower limits depending on [verification](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/requirements/identity-verification/) and [underwriting](https://docs.moov.io/guides/accounts/requirements/underwriting/).

To request higher limits, [contact Moov](https://support.moov.io/).

| Payment method              | Limit                      |
|----------------------------|----------------------------|
| `ach-debit-fund` (same day)      | $1,000,000                  |
| `ach-debit-fund` (standard)       | $99,999,999.99              |
| `ach-debit-collect` (same day)    | $1,000,000                  |
| `ach-debit-collect` (standard)     | $99,999,999.99              |
| `ach-credit-same-day`            | $500,000                   |
| `ach-credit-standard`             | $99,999,999.99              |
| `instant-bank-credit`             | $10,000,000                 |
| `rtp-credit`                     | $10,000,000                 |
| `moov-wallet` (as source)         | Lesser of $99,999,999.99 or `availableBalance` |
| `card-payment`                    | $99,999,999.99              |
| `apple-pay`                       | $99,999,999.99              |
| `push-to-card`                   | $25,000                     |
| `pull-from-card`                 | $10,000                     |